Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cyclic GMP)
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cyclic GMP) is an important intracellular second messenger that mediates multiple tissue and cellular responses. The cGMP pathway is key in cardiac pathophysiology, and its modulation by drugs such as phosphodiesterase (PDE)-5 inhibitors and guanylate cyclase activators may represent a promising therapeutic approach for acute myocardial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, and doxorubicin cardiotoxicity in patients. Furthermore, PDE-5 inhibitors could be novel therapeutic agents to improve chemosensitivity to doxorubicin while offering cardiac benefits.
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is a key intracellular second messenger that regulates fundamental physiological processes in the myocardium, from acute contraction/relaxation to chronic gene expression, cell growth, and apoptosis. Several studies have shown that cGMP inhibits hypertrophy, reduces ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, and regulates contractile function and cardiac remodeling (1-3).
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